The Role of Hybrid Cu–Ag Nanoparticles in Modifying Blood Flow Through Narrowed Arteries

Authors

  • Nitin Sadashiv Bodke Dr. B. N. Purandare, Arts, Smt. S. G. Gupta Commerce and Smt. S. A. Mithaiwala Science College, Lonavala 410403, Maharashtra, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6429-3960
  • Ignatius Fernandes Government College of Arts, Science and Commerce (affiliated to Goa University), Quepem, Goa, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-1819

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26713/cma.v16i4.3323

Keywords:

Hybrid nanoparticles, Stenosed arteries, Copper-Silver nanoparticles

Abstract

Blood flow in stenosed human arteries in the presence of hybrid Copper-Silver (Cu–Ag) nanoparticles is studied. The study investigates the influence of copper (Cu) nanoparticles and Cu–Ag hybrid nanoparticles on velocity profiles, flow rate and resistive impedance to blood flow in abnormally narrowed arteries due to stenosis. A laminar unsteady blood flow is considered through a cylindrical tube depicting blood flow in an artery affected by stenosis. Flow parameters are assumed to match the physical properties of the blood flow. Finite difference method is employed to discretize the governing equations and simulation is carried out using MATLAB. The presence of hybrid nanoparticles is observed to have significant influence on velocity, flow rate and impedance to blood flow.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Z. Abbas, S. Goher and M. S. Shabbir, Analysis of biological mechanism of blood flow containing nanoparticles through an arterial stenosis, Waves in Random and Complex Media (2023), 1 – 20, DOI: 10.1080/17455030.2023.2188093.

N. Ajdari, C. Vyas, S. L. Bogan, B. A. Lwaleed and B. G. Cousins, Gold nanoparticle interactions in human blood: A model evaluation, Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine 13(4) (2017), 1531 – 1542, DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.01.019.

N. S. Akbar, M. Rafiq, T. Muhammad and M. Alghamdi, Biological structural study for the blood casson fluid flow in catheterized diverging tapered stenosed arteries with emerging shaped nanoparticles: Application in drug delivery, Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 28(6) (2024), article number 40, DOI: 10.1007/s10404-024-02735-x.

E. A. Algehyne, N. A. Ahammad, M. E. Elnair, M. Zidan, Y. Y. Alhusayni, B. O. El-Bashir, A. Saeed, A. S. Alshomrani and F. Alzahrani, Enhancing heat transfer in blood hybrid nanofluid flow with Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles and electrical field in a tilted cylindrical W-shape stenosis artery: A finite difference approach, Symmetry 15(6) (2023), 1242, DOI: 10.3390/sym15061242.

A. Ali, M. Hussain M. S. Anwar and M. Inc, Mathematical modeling and parametric investigation of blood flow through a stenosis artery, Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 42 (2021), 1675 – 1684, DOI: 10.1007/s10483-021-2791-8.

H. Badfar, Y. M. Saber and A. Sharifi, Numerical simulation of magnetic drug targeting to the stenosis vessel using Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles under the effect of magnetic field of wire, Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology 11(2) (2020), 162 – 175, DOI: 10.1007/s13239-019-00446-x.

S. Changdar and S. De, Analytical solution of mathematical model of magnetohydrodynamic blood nanofluid flowing through an inclined multiple stenosed artery, Journal of Nanofluids 6(6) (2017), 1198 – 1205, DOI: 10.1166/jon.2017.1393.

A. Hussain, M. N. R. Dar, N. H. Alrasheed, K. Hajlaoui and M. B. B. Hamida, Assessment of heat transfer and the consequences of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles on flow of blood in an abdominal aortic aneurysm, Heliyon 9(7) (2023), e17660, DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17660.

M. A. Ikbal, S. Chakravarty, K. K. Wong, J. Mazumdar and P. K. Mandal, Unsteady response of non-Newtonian blood flow through a stenosed artery in magnetic field, Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 230(1) (2009), 243 – 259, DOI: 10.1016/j.cam.2008.11.010.

J. Mazumdar, Biofluid Mechanics, 2nd edition, World Scientific, Singapore, xvi + 246 pages (2015).

S. Y. Motlagh and S. Deyhim, Numerical study of magnetic drug targeting inside the bifurcated channel as a simplified model of right common Iliac artery using Fe3O4–blood magnetic nanofluid, Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering 47(1) (2023), 51 – 65, DOI: 10.1007/s40997-022-00507-y.

M. Muthtamilselvan and Y. M. G. Hingis, Flow characteristics of gold nanoparticles and microorganisms in a multistenotic artery treated with a catheter, Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering 23(2) (2023), 326 – 341, DOI: 10.1080/14484846.2023.2290335.

S. Nadeem and S. Ijaz, Theoretical analysis of metallic nanoparticles on blood flow through tapered elastic artery with overlapping stenosis, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience 14(4) (2015), 417 – 428, DOI: 10.1109/TNB.2015.2389253.

H. F. Oztop and E. Abu-Nada, Numerical study of natural convection in partially heated rectangular enclosures filled with nanofluids, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow 29(5) (2008), 1326 – 1336, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.04.009.

S. U. Rahman, R. Ellahi, S. Nadeem and Q. Z. Zia, Simultaneous effects of nanoparticles and slip on Jeffrey fluid through tapered artery with mild stenosis, Journal of Molecular Liquids 218 (2016), 484 – 493, DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.02.080.

C. S. K. Raju, H. T. Basha, N. F. M. Noor, N. A. Shah and S.-J. Yook, Significance of body acceleration and gold nanoparticles through blood flow in an uneven/composite inclined stenosis artery: A finite difference computation, Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 215 (2024), 399 – 419, DOI: 10.1016/j.matcom.2023.08.006.

D. S. Sankar, J. Goh and A. I. M. Ismail, FDM analysis for blood flow through stenosed tapered arteries, Boundary Value Problems 2010 (2010), article number 917067, DOI: 10.1155/2010/917067.

L. Sarwar and A. Hussain, Flow characteristics of Au-blood nanofluid in stenotic artery, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 127 (2021), 105486, DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105486.

L. Sarwar, A. Hussain, M. B. Riaz and S. Akbar, Modeling and analysis of hybrid-blood nanofluid flow in stenotic artery, Scientific Reports 14(1) (2024), Article number: 5409, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55621-5.

T.-Q. Tang, M. Rooman, N. Vrinceanu, Z. Shah and A. Alshehri, Blood flow of Au-nanofluid using Sisko model in stenotic artery with porous walls and viscous dissipation effect, Micromachines 13(8) (2022), 1303, DOI: 10.3390/mi13081303.

H. Waqas, U. Farooq, D. Liu, M. Alghamdi, S. Noreen and T. Muhammad, Numerical investigation of nanofluid flow with gold and silver nanoparticles injected inside a stenotic artery, Materials & Design 223 (2022), 111130, DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111130.

A. Zaman, N. Ali and I. Ali, Effects of nanoparticles (Cu (Copper), Silver (Ag)) and slip on unsteady blood flow through a curved stenosed channel with aneurysm, Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 5(2018), 482 – 491, DOI: 10.1016/j.tsep.2018.02.004.

Downloads

Published

30-12-2025
CITATION

How to Cite

Bodke, N. S., & Fernandes, I. (2025). The Role of Hybrid Cu–Ag Nanoparticles in Modifying Blood Flow Through Narrowed Arteries. Communications in Mathematics and Applications, 16(4), 1119–1129. https://doi.org/10.26713/cma.v16i4.3323

Issue

Section

Research Article